Latitude

Photovoltaic panel spacing at 35 degrees north latitude

Estimate the ideal spacing between rows of solar panels to minimize shading and maximize efficiency based on latitude, tilt, and panel height. Formula: Spacing = Height / tan (Solar Altitude). Start by entering your location in the search box. Winter Solstice Sun Angle – Since the sun is at its lowest elevation, panels cast their longest shadows. Tilt Angle – The more your panels tilt, the higher the. . For seasonal optimization, use latitude minus 15 degrees in summer and latitude plus 15 degrees in winter. Since the sun's path changes continuously throughout the day and year, selecting the right fixed or adjustable tilt angle is necessary. .